Characters.get('e', 0) tells python to search for The real key 'e' inside the dictionary. If it isn't really found it returns 0. Considering that That is The very first time 'e' is handed from the loop, the character 'e' just isn't found in the dictionary still, And so the get https://caribothc41505.blogdal.com/36883080/copyright-usa-an-overview